Latin America Climate Change Mitigation & Adaptation Market & Technologies - 2022-2030 – With Corona & COP26 Impacts

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Contents

1         The Report Key Assumptions…………………………………. 46

2         Executive Summary………………………………………………. 47

2.1        Key Findings…………………………………………………… 47

2.2        Key Conclusions………………………………………………. 60

2.3        Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market Segmentation Vectors……………………………………….. 70

2.4        Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market – 2022-2030……………………………………………………………… 71

2.4.1            Latin America Market by Technology – 2022-2030 71

2.4.2            Latin America Market by Sector – 2022-2030……. 73

2.4.3            Latin America Market by Revenue Source – 2022-2030………………………………………………………… 74

2.4.4            Latin America Market by Region – 2022-2030…… 74

2.4.5            Latin America Market by Country – 2022-2030….. 76

3         COP26 & COVID-19 Implications……………………………… 77

3.1        COP26 Takeaway……………………………………………. 77

3.2        COVID-19 Implications………………………………………. 78

4         The Industry Value Chain……………………………………….. 80

5         Business Opportunities…………………………………………. 81

6         Market Drivers………………………………………………………. 92

7         Market Inhibitors…………………………………………………… 93

8         SWOT Analysis…………………………………………………….. 94

8.1        Strengths……………………………………………………….. 94

8.2        Weaknesses…………………………………………………… 95

8.3        Opportunities…………………………………………………… 96

8.4        Threats………………………………………………………….. 97

TECHNOLOGY, PRODUCT & SERVICE MARKETS…………….. 99

9         Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Technologies, Products & Services Markets – 2020-2030………………… 99

9.1        Technology, Products & Services Markets Size………. 99

9.2        Technology Products & Services Markets Dynamics. 100

9.3        Technology Products & Services Markets Share……. 102

10      Air Sourced Heat Pumps Market – 2022-2030…………… 104

10.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 104

10.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 104

10.1.2          Heat Pump Technologies……………………………. 110

10.1.3          Heat Pump Cost Performance……………………… 111

10.1.4          Legislation……………………………………………….. 112

10.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 112

10.3     Latin America Air Sourced Heat Pumps Market – 2020-2030……………………………………………………………. 113

10.3.1          Air Sourced Heat Pumps Market Size……………. 113

10.3.2          Air Sourced Heat Pumps Market Dynamics…….. 113

10.3.3          Air Sourced Heat Pumps Market Share………….. 113

11      Big Data & AI Market – 2022-2030…………………………… 114

11.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 114

11.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 114

11.1.2          Application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the Latin America Warming Mitigation Industry…………….. 117

11.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 117

11.3     Latin America Big Data & AI Market – 2020-2030….. 118

11.3.1          Big Data & AI Market Size…………………………… 118

11.3.2          Big Data & AI Market Dynamics……………………. 119

11.3.3          Big Data & AI Market Share…………………………. 119

12      Bioenergy Market – 2022-2030………………………………. 120

12.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 120

12.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 120

12.1.2          Bioenergy for Electricity Generation………………. 123

12.1.3          Bioenergy in Industry…………………………………. 123

12.1.4          Thermo-Chemical Process………………………….. 124

12.1.5          Bio-Chemical Process………………………………… 125

12.1.6          Bioenergy Conversion Technologies……………… 126

12.1.7          Latin America Bioenergy Market…………………… 127

12.1.8          Latin America Bio-Heating Market…………………. 127

12.1.9          Biomass Heating For Buildings…………………….. 128

12.1.10       Latin America Bio-Power Markets…………………. 129

12.1.11       The Latin America Solid Biomass Industry………. 130

12.1.12       The Latin America Liquid Biofuels Industry……… 131

12.1.13       The Latin America Gaseous Biomass Industry…. 131

12.1.14       Latin America Bioenergy CCS & CCU……………. 131

12.1.15       Thermal Conversions…………………………………. 133

12.1.16       Chemical Conversion…………………………………. 133

12.1.17       Biochemical Conversion……………………………… 133

12.1.18       Electrochemical Conversions……………………….. 134

12.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 134

12.3     Latin America Bioenergy Market – 2020-2030………. 135

12.3.1          Bioenergy Market Size……………………………….. 135

12.3.2          Bioenergy Market Dynamics………………………… 135

12.3.3          Bioenergy Market Share……………………………… 135

13      Biological Carbon Capture & Sequestration Market – 2022-2030…………………………………………………………… 136

13.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 136

13.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 136

13.1.2          Kelp Farms Products…………………………………. 138

13.1.3          Biological Carbon Sequestration…………………… 138

13.1.4          Microalgae Carbon Biological Capture & Utilization……………………………………………………………… 138

13.1.5          Oceans Carbon Sequestration……………………… 139

13.1.6          Soil Carbon Sequestration…………………………… 139

13.1.7          Forests Carbon Sequestration……………………… 139

13.1.8          Grasslands Carbon Sequestration………………… 140

13.1.9          Impacts of Carbon Sequestration………………….. 140

13.2     Latin America Biological Carbon Capture & Sequestration Market – 2020-2030…………………….. 140

13.2.1          Biological Carbon Capture & Sequestration Market Size……………………………………………………….. 140

13.2.2          Biological Carbon Capture & Sequestration Market Dynamics………………………………………………… 141

13.2.3          Biological Carbon Capture & Sequestration Market Share……………………………………………………… 141

14      Bioremediation Market – 2022-2030……………………….. 142

14.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 142

14.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 142

14.1.2          Bioremediation Cleanup Strategy………………….. 146

14.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 149

14.3     Latin America Bioremediation Market – 2020-2030… 151

14.3.1          Bioremediation Market Size…………………………. 151

14.3.2          Bioremediation Market Dynamics………………….. 151

14.3.3          Bioremediation Market Share………………………. 151

15      Carbon Capture & Storage Market – 2022-2030………… 152

15.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 152

15.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 152

15.1.2          Geological Carbon Sequestration…………………. 154

15.1.3          Technological Carbon Sequestration……………… 154

15.1.4          Graphene Production…………………………………. 154

15.1.5          Direct Air Capture (DAC)…………………………….. 154

15.1.6          Engineered Molecules………………………………… 154

15.1.7          CCS, DOE Investments………………………………. 155

15.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 156

15.3     Latin America Carbon Capture & Storage Market – 2020-2030…………………………………………………….. 157

15.3.1          Carbon Capture & Storage Market Size…………. 157

15.3.2          Carbon Capture & Storage Market Dynamics….. 157

15.3.3          Carbon Capture & Storage Market Share……….. 158

16      Carbon Capture & Utilization Market – 2022-2030…….. 159

16.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 159

16.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 159

16.1.2          CCU Proliferation………………………………………. 161

16.1.3          Carbon Capture and Utilization Applications……. 162

16.1.4          Algae Cultivation……………………………………….. 163

16.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 165

16.3     Latin America Carbon Capture & Utilization Market – 2020-2030…………………………………………………….. 166

16.3.1          Carbon Capture & Utilization Market Size……….. 166

16.3.2          Carbon Capture & Utilization Market Dynamics… 166

16.3.3          Carbon Capture & Utilization Market Share…….. 166

17      Climate Adapted Agriculture Market – 2022-2030……… 167

17.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 167

17.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 167

17.2     Agriculture GHG Emission………………………………… 171

17.3     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 173

18.1     Latin America Climate Adapted Agriculture Market – 2020-2030…………………………………………………….. 174

18.1.1          Climate Adapted Agriculture Market Size……….. 174

18.1.2          Climate Adapted Agriculture Market Dynamics… 174

18.1.3          Climate Adapted Agriculture Market Share……… 174

19      Climate Adapted Water Infrastructure Market – 2022-2030 175

19.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 175

19.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 175

19.1.2          Digital Technologies…………………………………… 183

19.1.3          Water Management Strategy……………………….. 184

19.1.4          Agriculture Water Management……………………. 188

19.1.5          Urban Water Management………………………….. 189

19.1.6          Urban Decision Support System…………………… 190

19.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 190

19.3     Latin America Climate Adapted Water Infrastructure Market – 2020-2030………………………………………… 192

19.3.1          Climate Adapted Water Infrastructure Market Size……………………………………………………………… 192

19.3.2          Climate Adapted Water Infrastructure Market Dynamics………………………………………………… 192

19.3.3          Climate Adapted Water Infrastructure Market Share……………………………………………………………… 193

20      Compressed-Air Storage Market – 2022-2030………….. 195

20.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 195

20.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 195

20.1.2          Adiabatic Compressed-Air Energy Storage……… 197

20.1.3          Diabatic Compressed-Air Energy Storage………. 197

20.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 198

20.3     Latin America Compressed-Air Storage Market – 2020-2030……………………………………………………………. 198

20.3.1          Compressed-Air Storage Market Size……………. 198

20.3.2          Compressed-Air Storage Market Dynamics…….. 199

20.3.3          Compressed-Air Storage Market Share………….. 199

21      Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) Market – 2022-2030. 200

21.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 200

21.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 200

21.1.2          CSP Projects……………………………………………. 202

21.1.3          CSP vs. Solar PV……………………………………… 203

21.2     CSP Key Vendors…………………………………………… 203

21.3     Latin America Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) Market – 2020-2030………………………………………………….. 204

21.3.1          Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) Market Size… 204

21.3.2          Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) Market Dynamics……………………………………………………………… 205

21.3.3          Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) Market Share. 205

22      Cybersecurity Market – 2022-2030…………………………. 206

22.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 206

22.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 206

22.1.2          Cybersecurity in the Latin America Warming Mitigation Industry…………………………………….. 208

22.1.3          Cybercrime in the Electric Power Industry………. 208

22.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 209

22.3     Latin America Cybersecurity Market – 2020-2030….. 210

22.3.1          Cybersecurity Market Size…………………………… 210

22.3.2          Cybersecurity Market Dynamics…………………… 210

22.3.3          Cybersecurity Market Share………………………… 210

23      Desalination Plants Market – 2022-2030………………….. 211

23.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 211

23.2     Technologies…………………………………………………. 215

23.2.1          Solar Distillation………………………………………… 216

23.2.2          Natural Evaporation…………………………………… 216

23.2.3          Vacuum Distillation……………………………………. 216

23.2.4          Multi-Stage Flash Distillation……………………….. 216

23.2.5          Multiple-Effect Distillation……………………………. 216

23.2.6          Vapor-Compression Distillation…………………….. 217

23.2.7          Wave-Powered Desalination……………………….. 217

23.2.8          Membrane Distillation………………………………… 217

23.2.9          Reverse Osmosis……………………………………… 217

23.2.10       Forward Osmosis……………………………………… 218

23.2.11       Freeze–Thaw…………………………………………… 218

23.2.12       Electrodialysis Membrane…………………………… 219

23.2.13       Technical Challenges…………………………………. 219

23.3     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 220

23.4     Latin America Desalination Plants Market – 2020-2030                                                                               221

23.4.1          Desalination Plants Market Size…………………… 221

23.4.2          Desalination Plants Market Dynamics……………. 222

23.4.3          Desalination Plants Market Share…………………. 222

24      Direct Geothermal Heating & Cooling Market – 2022-2030 223

24.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 223

24.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 223

24.1.2          Direct Geothermal Heating & Cooling Applications……………………………………………………………… 224

24.1.3          Geothermal Heat Pumps. Heating and Cooling… 224

24.1.4          Geothermal District Heating…………………………. 225

24.1.5          Geothermal Heating Pump Price Competitiveness……………………………………………………………… 226

24.2     Latin America Direct Geothermal Heating & Cooling Market – 2020-2030………………………………………… 227

24.2.1          Direct Geothermal Heating & Cooling Market Size……………………………………………………………… 227

24.2.2          Direct Geothermal Heating & Cooling Market Dynamics………………………………………………… 228

24.2.3          Direct Geothermal Heating & Cooling Market Share……………………………………………………………… 228

25      Direct Solar Water Heating Market – 2022-2030………… 229

25.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 229

25.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 229

25.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 233

25.3     Latin America Direct Solar Water Heating Market – 2020-2030…………………………………………………….. 233

25.3.1          Direct Solar Water Heating Market Size…………. 233

25.3.2          Direct Solar Water Heating Market Dynamics….. 234

25.3.3          Direct Solar Water Heating Market Share……….. 234

26      Electric Buses Market – 2022-2030…………………………. 235

26.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 235

26.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 235

26.1.2          E-Bus Economy………………………………………… 237

26.1.3          COVID-19 Effects……………………………………… 239

26.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 239

26.4     Latin America Electric Buses Market – 2020-2030…. 240

26.4.1          Electric Buses Market Size………………………….. 240

26.4.2          Electric Buses Market Dynamics…………………… 240

26.4.3          Electric Buses Market Share……………………….. 240

27      Energy-Efficient Air Conditioning & Refrigeration (ACR) Market – 2022-2030………………………………………………. 241

27.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 241

27.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 241

27.1.2          Example 1. Thermoelectric Effect…………………. 244

27.1.3          Example 2: Reciprocating Compressors…………. 245

27.1.4          Example 3: Energy Efficient HVAC Ducts……….. 246

27.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 247

27.3     Latin America Energy-Efficient Air Conditioning & Refrigeration (ACR) Market – 2020-2030……………… 247

27.3.1          Energy-Efficient Air Conditioning & Refrigeration (ACR) Market Size…………………………………….. 247

27.3.2          Energy-Efficient Air Conditioning & Refrigeration (ACR) Market Dynamics……………………………… 247

27.3.3          Energy-Efficient Air Conditioning & Refrigeration (ACR) Market Share………………………………….. 248

28      Energy-Efficient Electric Appliances (w/o ACR) Market – 2022-2030…………………………………………………………… 249

28.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 249

28.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 249

28.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 253

28.3     Latin America Energy-Efficient Electric Appliances (w/o ACR) Market – 2020-2030………………………………… 253

28.3.1          Energy-Efficient Electric Appliances (w/o ACR) Market Size……………………………………………… 253

28.3.2          Energy-Efficient Electric Appliances (w/o ACR) Market Dynamics………………………………………. 254

28.3.3          Energy-Efficient Electric Appliances (w/o ACR) Market Share……………………………………………. 254

29      EV Charging Systems Market – 2022-2030………………. 255

29.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 255

29.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 255

29.1.2          Light-Duty Vehicle Chargers………………………… 258

29.1.3          Private Home And Workplace Chargers…………. 259

29.1.4          Charging Heavy-Duty Electric Trucks…………….. 260

29.1.5          Mega-High Power Charging Standarts…………… 260

29.1.6          EVs and Energy Storage…………………………….. 261

29.1.7          Wireless Charging…………………………………….. 262

29.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 263

29.3     Latin America EV Charging Systems Market – 2020-2030……………………………………………………………. 263

29.3.1          EV Charging Systems Market Size……………….. 263

29.3.2          EV Charging Systems Market Dynamics………… 264

29.3.3          EV Charging Systems Market Share……………… 264

30      Extreme Weather Public Warning Systems Market – 2022-2030…………………………………………………………………… 265

30.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 265

30.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 265

30.1.2          Cell Baed Broadcast………………………………….. 269

30.1.3          Location Based Alert SMS…………………………… 271

30.2     Latin America Extreme Weather Public Warning Systems Market – 2020-2030……………………………. 273

30.2.1          Extreme Weather Public Warning Systems Market Size……………………………………………………….. 273

30.2.2          Extreme Weather Public Warning Systems Market Dynamics………………………………………………… 274

30.2.3          Extreme Weather Public Warning Systems Market Share……………………………………………………… 274

31      Flood Control Market – 2022-2030………………………….. 275

31.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 275

31.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 275

31.1.2          Structural Forms of Mitigation………………………. 278

31.1.3          Nonstructural Measures……………………………… 279

31.1.4          Floodwater Diversion and Storage………………… 279

31.1.5          Floodplain and Stream Restoration……………….. 279

31.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 279

31.3     Latin America Floods Control Market – 2020-2030…. 280

31.3.1          Floods Control Market Size…………………………. 280

31.3.2          Floods Control Market Dynamics………………….. 281

31.3.3          Floods Control Market Share……………………….. 281

32      Freight BEVs Market – 2022-2030…………………………… 282

32.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 282

32.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 282

32.1.2          COVID-19 Effects……………………………………… 283

32.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 284

32.3     Latin America Freight BEVs Market – 2020-2030…… 284

32.3.1          Freight BEVs Market Size…………………………… 284

32.3.2          Freight BEVs Market Dynamics……………………. 285

32.3.3          Freight BEVs Market Share…………………………. 285

33      GHG Emission Tracking Market – 2022-2030…………… 286

33.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 286

33.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 286

33.1.2          Methane Emission Tracking Technologies………. 290

33.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 292

33.3     Latin America GHG Emission Tracking Market – 2020-2030……………………………………………………………. 292

33.3.1          GHG Emission Tracking Market Size…………….. 292

33.3.2          GHG Emission Tracking Market Dynamics……… 293

33.3.3          GHG Emission Tracking Market Share…………… 293

34      Geothermal Power Generation Market – 2022-2030…… 294

34.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 294

34.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 294

34.1.2          Geothermal Electric Power Generation………….. 296

34.1.3          Geothermal Power Plants LCOE…………………… 297

34.1.4          Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS)………….. 297

34.1.5          The 2022-2030 Market Growth Drivers…………… 299

34.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 300

34.3     Latin America Geothermal Power Generation Market – 2020-2030…………………………………………………….. 301

34.3.1          Geothermal Power Generation Market Size…….. 301

34.3.2          Geothermal Power Generation Market Dynamics 301

34.3.3          Geothermal Power Generation Market Share….. 302

35      Green Cement Market – 2022-2030…………………………. 303

35.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 303

35.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 303

35.1.2          Cement Decarbonization Options…………………. 307

35.1.3          Cement Negative Emission Technologies……….. 307

35.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 309

35.3     Latin America Green Cement Market – 2020-2030…. 309

35.3.1          Green Cement Market Size…………………………. 309

35.3.2          Green Cement Market Dynamics………………….. 309

35.3.3          Green Cement Market Share……………………….. 310

36      Green Hydrogen Production Market – 2022-2030……… 311

36.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 311

36.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 311

36.1.2          Green Hydrogen……………………………………….. 315

36.1.3          The European Hydrogen  Market………………….. 316

36.1.4          The Asia-Pacific Hydrogen Market………………… 316

36.2     A Net-Zero“Hydrogen Economy” by 2050 Scenario… 317

36.3     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 318

36.4     Latin America Green Hydrogen Production Market – 2020-2030…………………………………………………….. 319

36.4.1          Green Hydrogen Production Market Size……….. 319

36.4.2          Green Hydrogen Production Market Dynamics… 319

36.4.3          Green Hydrogen Production Market Share……… 319

37      Green Steel Market – 2022-2030…………………………….. 320

37.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 320

37.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 320

37.1.2          CHG Emissions & Decarbonized (Green) Steel.. 322

37.2     Latin America Green Steel Market – 2020-2030…….. 323

37.2.1          Green Steel Market Size…………………………….. 323

37.2.2          Green Steel Market Dynamics……………………… 324

37.2.3          Green Steel Market Share…………………………… 324

38      Grid Modernization Market – 2022-2030………………….. 325

38.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 325

38.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 325

38.1.2          Smart Grid………………………………………………. 327

38.1.3          Transmission Lines Modernization………………… 328

38.1.4          Demand Response……………………………………. 329

38.1.5          Hardening the Grid……………………………………. 329

38.1.6          Advanced Distribution Management Systems….. 330

38.1.7          Smart Inverters…………………………………………. 330

38.1.8          Smart Meters……………………………………………. 330

38.1.9          Microgrids……………………………………………….. 330

38.2     Latin America Grid Modernization Market – 2020-2030                                                                               332

38.2.1          Grid Modernization Market Size……………………. 332

38.2.2          Grid Modernization Market Dynamics…………….. 333

38.2.3          Grid Modernization Market Share…………………. 333

39      Grid-Scale Battery Storage Market – 2022-2030……….. 334

39.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 334

39.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 334

39.1.2          The U.S.  Energy Storage Market…………………. 337

39.1.3          Grid-Scale Battery Storage Benefits………………. 337

39.1.4          EVs and Energy Storage…………………………….. 338

39.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 340

39.3     Latin America Grid-Scale Battery Storage Market – 2020-2030…………………………………………………….. 340

39.3.1          Grid-Scale Battery Storage Market Size…………. 340

39.3.2          Grid-Scale Battery Storage Market Dynamics….. 341

39.3.3          Grid-Scale Battery Storage Market Share……….. 341

40      Hydroelectric Energy Storage Market – 2022-2030……. 342

40.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 342

40.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 342

40.1.2          Facts & Figures………………………………………… 345

40.1.3          Pumped Hydroelectric Storage Technologies….. 345

40.1.4          Variable-Speed Pump-Storage Technology…….. 346

40.1.5          Key Vendors……………………………………………. 346

40.2     Latin America Hydroelectric Energy Storage Market – 2020-2030…………………………………………………….. 347

40.2.1          Hydroelectric Energy Storage Market Size……… 347

40.2.2          Hydroelectric Energy Storage Market Dynamics. 348

40.2.3          Hydroelectric Energy Storage Market Share……. 348

41      Hydroelectric Power Market – 2022-2030………………… 349

41.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 349

41.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 349

41.1.2          Hydropower LCOE…………………………………….. 352

41.1.3          Hydropower Technology…………………………….. 352

41.1.4          Hydroelectric Power Project Construction Cost… 353

41.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 354

41.3     Latin America Hydroelectric Power Market – 2020-2030                                                                               354

41.3.1          Hydroelectric Power Market Size………………….. 354

41.3.2          Hydroelectric Power Market Dynamics…………… 354

41.3.3          Hydroelectric Power Market Share………………… 355

42      Hydrogen Vehicles Market – 2022-2030…………………… 356

42.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 356

42.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 356

42.1.2          Fuel Cell Passenger Vehicles………………………. 362

42.1.3          Fuel-cell Buses…………………………………………. 362

42.1.4          Fuel-cell Trams and Trains………………………….. 362

42.1.5          Hydrogen Vehicles Advantages……………………. 363

42.1.6          Hydrogen Vehicles Disadvantages………………… 363

42.1.7          Hydrogen Storage…………………………………….. 363

42.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 364

42.3     Latin America Hydrogen Vehicles Market – 2020-2030                                                                               364

42.3.1          Hydrogen Vehicles Market Size……………………. 364

42.3.2          Hydrogen Vehicles Market Dynamics…………….. 365

42.3.3          Hydrogen Vehicles Market Share………………….. 365

43      Hydrogen Electrolyzers Market – 2022-2030……………. 366

43.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 366

43.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 366

43.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 371

43.3     Latin America Hydrogen Electrolyzers Market – 2020-2030……………………………………………………………. 371

43.3.1          Hydrogen Electrolyzers Market Size………………. 371

43.3.2          Hydrogen Electrolyzers Market Dynamics………. 371

43.3.3          Hydrogen Electrolyzers Market Share……………. 372

44      Hydrogen Fueling Infrastructure Market – 2022-2030… 373

44.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 373

44.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 373

44.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 377

44.3     Latin America Hydrogen Fueling Infrastructure Market – 2020-2030…………………………………………………….. 377

44.3.1          Hydrogen Fueling Infrastructure Market Size…… 377

44.3.2          Hydrogen Fueling Infrastructure Market Dynamics……………………………………………………………… 377

44.3.3          Hydrogen Fueling Infrastructure Market Share…. 378

45      ICT (w/o Cyber, AI, Big Data) Market – 2022-2030……… 379

45.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 379

45.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 379

45.1.2          Distributed Energy Resources ICT………………… 380

45.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 380

45.3     Latin America ICT (w/o Cyber, AI, Big Data) Market – 2020-2030…………………………………………………….. 381

45.3.1          ICT (w/o Cyber, AI, Big Data) Market Size………. 381

45.3.2          ICT (w/o Cyber, AI, Big Data) Market Dynamics.. 382

45.3.3          ICT (w/o Cyber, AI, Big Data) Market Share……. 382

46      Low Carbon Fuels Manufacturing Plants Market – 2022-2030…………………………………………………………………… 383

46.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 383

46.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 383

46.2     Latin America Low Carbon Fuels Manufacturing Plants Market – 2020-2030………………………………………… 389

46.2.1          Low Carbon Fuels Manufacturing Plants Market Size……………………………………………………………… 389

46.2.2          Low Carbon Fuels Manufacturing Plants Market Dynamics………………………………………………… 390

46.2.3          Low Carbon Fuels Manufacturing Plants Market Share……………………………………………………… 390

47      Marine Power Systems Market – 2022-2030…………….. 391

47.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 391

47.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 391

47.1.2          Marine Tidal Power technologies………………….. 392

47.1.3          Marine Current Power Generation………………… 393

47.1.4          Marine Osmotic Power Generation……………….. 393

47.1.5          Ocean Thermal Energy………………………………. 394

47.1.6          Marine Wave Power…………………………………… 394

47.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 395

47.3     Latin America Marine Power Market – 2020-2030….. 396

47.3.1          Marine Power Market Size………………………….. 396

47.3.2          Marine Power Market Dynamics…………………… 396

47.3.3          Marine Power Market Share………………………… 397

48      Methane Abatement Market – 2022-2030…………………. 398

48.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 398

48.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 398

48.1.2          Methane Sources……………………………………… 400

48.1.3          COP26 Methane Pledge…………………………….. 401

48.1.4          Methane Mitigation……………………………………. 401

48.1.5          GHG Abatement Cost Forcast – 2030…………….. 403

48.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 404

48.3     Latin America Methane Abatement Market – 2020-2030                                                                               406

48.3.1          Methane Abatement Market Size………………….. 406

48.3.2          Methane Abatement Market Dynamics…………… 407

48.3.3          Methane Abatement Market Share……………….. 407

49      Nuclear Energy Plants (> 1 GW) Market – 2022-2030…. 408

49.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 408

49.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 408

49.1.2          Facts and Figures……………………………………… 409

49.1.3          Installed Base of Power Reactors – 2021………… 410

49.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 410

49.3     Latin America Nuclear Energy Plants > 1 GW Market – 2020-2030…………………………………………………….. 411

49.3.1          Nuclear Energy Plants > 1 GW Market Size……. 411

49.3.2          Nuclear Energy Plants > 1 GW Market Dynamics 411

49.3.3          Nuclear Energy Plants > 1 GW Market Share….. 412

50      Offshore Wind Power Market – 2022-2030……………….. 413

50.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 413

50.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 413

50.1.2          Floating offshore wind power market……………… 418

50.1.3          The Proliferation of Offshore Wind Power Farms by Geography………………………………………………. 419

50.1.4          Operational Cost……………………………………….. 420

50.1.5          Cost trends……………………………………………… 420

50.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 421

50.3     Latin America Offshore Wind Power Market – 2020-2030                                                                               421

50.3.1          Offshore Wind Power Market Size………………… 421

50.3.2          Offshore Wind Power Market Dynamics…………. 422

50.3.3          Offshore Wind Power Market Share………………. 422

51      Onshore Wind Power Market – 2022-2030……………….. 423

51.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 423

51.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 423

51.1.2          Onshore Wind LCOE Outlook………………………. 425

51.1.3          Onshore Wind Power Disadvantages…………….. 425

51.1.4          Key Vendors……………………………………………. 425

51.2     Latin America Onshore Wind Power Market – 2020-2030                                                                               427

51.2.1          Onshore Wind Power Market Size………………… 427

51.2.2          Onshore Wind Power Market Dynamics…………. 427

51.2.3          Onshore Wind Power Market Share………………. 428

52      Other BEVs Market – 2022-2030…………………………….. 429

52.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 429

52.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 429

52.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 435

52.3     Latin America Other BEVs Market – 2020-2030…….. 437

52.3.1          Other BEVs Market Size…………………………….. 437

52.3.2          Other BEVs Market Dynamics……………………… 438

52.3.3          Other BEVs Market Share…………………………… 438

53      Other Energy Storage Modalities Market – 2022-2030.. 439

53.1     Latin America Other Energy Storage Modalities Market – 2020-2030…………………………………………………….. 439

53.1.1          Other Energy Storage Modalities Market Size….. 439

53.1.2          Other Energy Storage Modalities Market Dynamics……………………………………………………………… 439

53.1.3          Other Energy Storage Modalities Market Share.. 440

54      Other Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Markets – 2022-2030…………………………………………………………… 441

54.1     Other Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Markets – 2020-2030………………………………………………….. 441

54.1.1          Other Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Markets Size……………………………………………. 441

54.1.2          Other Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Markets Dynamics…………………………………….. 442

54.1.3          Other Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Markets Share………………………………………….. 442

55      Other Renewable Energy Market – 2022-2030………….. 443

55.1     Latin America Other Renewable Energy Market – 2020-2030……………………………………………………………. 443

55.1.1          Other Renewable Energy Market Size……………. 443

55.1.2          Other Renewable Energy Market Dynamics……. 443

55.1.3          Other Renewable Energy Market Share…………. 444

56      Passenger BEV Cars Market – 2022-2030………………… 445

56.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 445

56.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 445

56.1.2          Electric Cars vs. ICE Car Materials……………….. 453

56.1.3          Phasing Out Of Passenger ICE Cars…………….. 454

56.1.4          COVID-19 Effects……………………………………… 454

56.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 455

56.3     Latin America Passenger BEV Cars Market – 2020-2030                                                                               456

56.3.1          Passenger BEV Cars Market Size………………… 456

56.3.2          Passenger BEV Cars Market Dynamics…………. 457

56.3.3          Passenger BEV Cars Market Share………………. 457

57      Passive Green Buildings Market – 2022-2030………….. 458

57.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 458

57.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 458

57.1.2          Buildings GHG Emission & Energy Consumption 461

57.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 462

57.3     Latin America Passive Green Buildings Market – 2020-2030……………………………………………………………. 463

57.3.1          Passive Green Buildings Market Size…………….. 463

57.3.2          Passive Green Buildings Market Dynamics…….. 463

57.3.3          Passive Green Buildings Market Share………….. 463

58      Precision Agriculture Market – 2022-2030……………….. 464

58.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 464

58.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 464

58.2     Precision Agriculture Challenges……………………….. 467

58.3     Precision Agriculture Technologies…………………….. 468

58.3.1          Remote Sensing……………………………………….. 469

58.3.2          Genetic Engineering………………………………….. 469

58.3.3          Agricultural Robots……………………………………. 469

58.3.4          Drones……………………………………………………. 469

58.3.5          Vertical Cultivating…………………………………….. 470

58.3.6          Data……………………………………………………….. 470

58.3.7          Connected Water………………………………………. 470

58.3.8          Electric Fish…………………………………………….. 470

58.3.9          Connected Cows………………………………………. 470

58.3.10       Farm Management Systems………………………… 471

58.4     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 471

58.5     Latin America Precision Agriculture Market – 2020-2030                                                                               471

58.5.1          Precision Agriculture Market Size…………………. 471

58.5.2          Precision Agriculture Market Dynamics………….. 471

58.5.3          Precision Agriculture Market Share……………….. 471

59      Precision Irrigation Market – 2022-2030………………….. 473

59.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 473

59.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 473

59.1.2          Drip Irrigation……………………………………………. 473

59.1.3          Variable Rate Irrigation………………………………. 474

59.1.4          GPS Technology………………………………………. 474

59.1.5          Monitoring and Automation………………………….. 475

59.1.6          Challenges & Opportunities…………………………. 475

59.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 476

59.3     Latin America Precision Irrigation Market – 2020-2030                                                                               476

59.3.1          Precision Irrigation Market Size……………………. 476

59.3.2          Precision Irrigation Market Dynamics…………….. 477

59.3.3          Precision Irrigation Market Share………………….. 477

60      Reforestation Market – 2022-2030………………………….. 478

60.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 478

60.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 478

60.1.2          Reforestation Management…………………………. 482

60.1.3          Reforestation for Climate Change Mitigation……. 483

60.1.4          Reforestation Strategies……………………………… 483

60.1.5          Empress Trees…………………………………………. 484

60.1.6          Finanancing Deforestation…………………………… 485

60.1.7          Megacities Forestation……………………………….. 485

60.1.8          Example: China Reforestation……………………… 486

60.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 486

60.3     Latin America Reforestation Market – 2020-2030…… 488

60.3.1          Reforestation Market Size…………………………… 488

60.3.2          Reforestation Market Dynamics……………………. 489

60.3.3          Reforestation Market Share…………………………. 489

61      Regenerative Agriculture Market – 2022-2030………….. 490

61.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 490

61.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 490

61.2     Latin America Regenerative Agriculture Market – 2020-2030……………………………………………………………. 493

61.2.1          Regenerative Agriculture Market Size……………. 493

61.2.2          Regenerative Agriculture Market Dynamics…….. 494

61.2.3          Regenerative Agriculture Market Share………….. 494

62      Rooftop Solar PV Market – 2022-2030…………………….. 495

62.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 495

62.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 495

62.1.2          Solar Rooftop Technology…………………………… 496

62.1.3          Solar Rooftop System Economics……………….. 497

62.1.4          Adoption Of Rooftop PV……………………………. 497

62.2     Latin America Rooftop Solar PV Market – 2020-2030 497

62.2.1          Rooftop Solar PV Market Size……………………… 497

62.2.2          Rooftop Solar PV Market Dynamics………………. 498

62.2.3          Rooftop Solar PV Market Share……………………. 498

63      Small Nuclear Reactors Market – 2022-2030……………. 499

63.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 499

63.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 499

63.1.2          Advantages of SMRs…………………………………. 500

63.1.3          SMR Challenges……………………………………….. 501

63.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 501

63.3     Latin America Small Nuclear Reactors Market – 2020-2030……………………………………………………………. 502

63.3.1          Small Nuclear Reactors Market Size……………… 502

63.3.2          Small Nuclear Reactors Market Dynamics………. 502

63.3.3          Small Nuclear Reactors Market Share……………. 503

64      Solar PV (Utility Scale) Market – 2022-2030……………… 504

64.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 504

64.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 504

64.1.2          Market Outlook…………………………………………. 508

64.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 509

64.3     Latin America Solar PV (Utility Scale) Market – 2020-2030……………………………………………………………. 510

64.3.1          Solar PV (Utility Scale) Market Size………………. 510

64.3.2          Solar PV (Utility Scale) Market Dynamics……….. 511

64.3.3          Solar PV (Utility Scale) Market Share…………….. 511

65      Thermal Energy Storage Market – 2022-2030…………… 512

65.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 512

65.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 512

65.1.2          Thermal Energy Storage  Advantages……………. 515

65.1.3          Molten Salt Storage Technology…………………… 516

65.1.4          Key Vendors……………………………………………. 516

65.2     Latin America Thermal Energy Storage Market – 2020-2030……………………………………………………………. 517

65.2.1          Thermal Energy Storage Market Size…………….. 517

65.2.2          Thermal Energy Storage Market Dynamics…….. 517

65.2.3          Thermal Energy Storage Market Share………….. 518

66      Two & Three-Wheeler BEVs Market – 2022-2030………. 519

66.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 519

66.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 519

66.2     Latin America Two & Three-Wheeler BEVs Market – 2020-2030…………………………………………………….. 520

66.2.1          Two & Three-Wheeler BEVs Market Size……….. 520

66.2.2          Two & Three-Wheeler BEVs Market Dynamics… 521

66.2.3          Two & Three-Wheeler BEVs Market Share……… 521

67      Waste to Energy Plants Market – 2022-2030…………….. 522

67.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 522

67.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 522

67.1.2          Facts & Figures………………………………………… 523

67.1.3          Waste to Energy Economy………………………….. 524

67.2     Latin America Waste to Energy Plants Market – 2020-2030……………………………………………………………. 525

67.2.1          Waste to Energy Plants Market Size……………… 525

67.2.2          Waste to Energy Plants Market Dynamics………. 525

67.2.3          Waste to Energy Plants Market Share……………. 526

68      Water Redeemable (Water Reclamation) Systems Market – 2022-2030………………………………………………………… 527

68.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 527

68.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 527

68.1.2          Sewage Treatment Plants…………………………… 530

68.1.3          Example: Water Reclamation in  China………….. 531

68.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 532

68.3     Latin America Water Redeemable Systems Market – 2020-2030…………………………………………………….. 533

68.3.1          Water Redeemable Systems Market Size……….. 533

68.3.2          Water Redeemable Systems Market Dynamics.. 533

68.3.3          Water Redeemable Systems Market Share…….. 534

69      Weather Monitoring, Modeling & Forecasting Market – 2022-2030…………………………………………………………… 535

69.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 535

69.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 535

69.1.2          AI and Machine Learning To Predict Weather Events……………………………………………………. 536

69.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 538

69.3     Latin America Weather Monitoring, Modeling & Forecasting Market – 2020-2030……………………….. 538

69.3.1          Weather Monitoring, Modeling & Forecasting Market Size……………………………………………………….. 538

69.3.2          Weather Monitoring, Modeling & Forecasting Market Dynamics………………………………………………… 539

69.3.3          Weather Monitoring, Modeling & Forecasting Market Share……………………………………………………… 539

70      Wildfire Mitigation Market – 2022-2030……………………. 540

70.1     CEO Takeaway……………………………………………… 540

70.1.1          Summary………………………………………………… 540

70.1.2          Carbon Emissions…………………………………….. 541

70.2     Key Vendors………………………………………………….. 542

70.3     Latin America Wildfire Mitigation Market – 2020-2030                                                                               543

70.3.1          Wildfire Mitigation Market Size……………………… 543

70.3.2          Wildfire Mitigation Market Dynamics………………. 543

70.3.3          Wildfire Mitigation Market Share…………………… 543

MARKET BY SECTOR…………………………………………………. 544

71      Climate Change Mitigation & Adaptation Market by Sector – 2022-2030………………………………………………. 544

71.1     Sectors’ Structure…………………………………………… 544

71.2     Market Size…………………………………………………… 546

71.3     Market Share…………………………………………………. 549

REVENUE SOURCE MARKETS…………………………………….. 550

72      Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market by Revenue Source – 2020-2030………………………………… 550

72.1     Latin America Market – 2020-2030…………………….. 550

72.2     Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market Dynamics – 2020-2030……………………………………. 551

72.3     Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market Share – 2020-2030………………………………………………….. 552

NATIONAL MARKETS…………………………………………………. 553

73      Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market by Country – 2020-2030…………………………………………….. 553

73.1     Energy Consumption Indicatiors………………………… 553

73.2     National Markets Size – 2020-2030…………………….. 557

73.3     National Markets Dynamics – 2020-2030…………….. 558

73.4     National Markets Shares – 2020-2030………………… 560

73.5     National Markets by Revenue Source – 2020-2030… 563

73.5.1          Infrastructure Markets………………………………… 563

73.5.2          Product Sales…………………………………………… 565

73.5.3          Maintenance Markets…………………………………. 566

73.5.4          Upgrades Markets…………………………………….. 568

73.5.5          Other* Revenue Sources……………………………. 570

74      Argentina Climate Change Mitigation– 2020-2030…….. 572

74.1     Argentina Market CEO Takeaway………………………. 572

74.1.1          Key Facts………………………………………………… 572

74.1.2          National Policy………………………………………….. 572

74.1.3          Energy Consumption…………………………………. 573

74.1.4          Electricity………………………………………………… 573

74.2     Argentina Climate Change Mitigation– 2020-2030….. 574

74.3     Argentina Market Dynamics – 2020-2030…………….. 574

74.4     Argentina Market Share – 2020-2030………………….. 575

75      Brazil Climate Change Mitigation– 2020-2030………….. 576

75.1     Brazil Market CEO Takeaway……………………………. 576

75.1.1          Key Facts………………………………………………… 576

75.1.2          National Policy………………………………………….. 576

75.1.3          Energy Supply………………………………………….. 578

75.1.4          Energy Consumption…………………………………. 578

75.1.5          Electricity………………………………………………… 578

75.2     Brazil Climate Change Mitigation– 2020-2030……….. 580

75.3     Brazil Market Dynamics – 2020-2030………………….. 580

75.4     Brazil Market Share – 2020-2030……………………….. 580

76      Chile Climate Change Mitigation– 2020-2030…………… 581

76.1     Chile Market CEO Takeaway…………………………….. 581

76.1.1          Key Facts………………………………………………… 581

76.1.2          National Policy………………………………………….. 581

76.1.3          Energy Supply………………………………………….. 582

76.2     Chile Climate Change Mitigation– 2020-2030……….. 582

76.3     Chile Market Dynamics – 2020-2030…………………… 582

76.4     Chile Market Share – 2020-2030……………………….. 582

77      Colombia Climate Change Mitigation– 2020-2030…….. 584

77.1     Colombia Market CEO Takeaway………………………. 584

77.1.1          Key Facts………………………………………………… 584

77.1.2          National Policy………………………………………….. 584

77.1.3          Energy Consumption…………………………………. 584

77.1.4          Electricity………………………………………………… 585

77.2     Colombia Climate Change Mitigation– 2020-2030….. 585

77.3     Colombia Market Dynamics – 2020-2030…………….. 585

77.4     Colombia Market Share – 2020-2030………………….. 586

78      Cuba Climate Change Mitigation– 2020-2030…………… 587

78.1     Cuba Market CEO Takeaway……………………………. 587

78.2     Cuba Climate Change Mitigation– 2020-2030……….. 588

78.3     Cuba Market Dynamics – 2020-2030………………….. 588

78.4     Cuba Market Share – 2020-2030……………………….. 588

79      Ecuador Climate Change Mitigation– 2020-2030………. 589

79.1     Ecuador Market CEO Takeaway………………………… 589

79.2     Ecuador Climate Change Mitigation– 2020-2030…… 589

79.3     Ecuador Market Dynamics – 2020-2030………………. 589

79.4     Ecuador Market Share – 2020-2030……………………. 590

80      Mexico Climate Change Mitigation– 2020-2030………… 591

80.1     Mexico Market CEO Takeaway………………………….. 591

80.1.1          Key Facts………………………………………………… 591

80.1.2          National Policy………………………………………….. 591

80.1.3          Electricity………………………………………………… 593

80.2     Mexico Climate Change Mitigation– 2020-2030…….. 593

80.3     Mexico Market Dynamics – 2020-2030………………… 593

80.4     Mexico Market Share – 2020-2030…………………….. 593

81      Peru Climate Change Mitigation– 2020-2030……………. 595

81.1     Peru Market CEO Takeaway…………………………….. 595

81.2     Peru Climate Change Mitigation– 2020-2030………… 596

81.3     Peru Market Dynamics – 2020-2030…………………… 596

81.4     Peru Market Share – 2020-2030………………………… 596

82      Puerto Rico Climate Change Mitigation– 2020-2030….. 597

82.1     Puerto Rico Market CEO Takeaway……………………. 597

82.2     Puerto Rico Climate Change Mitigation– 2020-2030. 598

82.3     Puerto Rico Market Dynamics – 2020-2030………….. 598

82.4     Puerto Rico Market Share – 2020-2030……………….. 598

83      Venezuela Climate Change Mitigation– 2020-2030……. 599

83.1     Venezuela Market CEO Takeaway……………………… 599

83.2     Venezuela Climate Change Mitigation– 2020-2030… 600

83.3     Venezuela Market Dynamics – 2020-2030……………. 600

83.4     Venezuela Market Share – 2020-2030………………… 600

84      Rest of Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market – 2020-2030………………………………………………………… 601

84.1     Rest of Latin America Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market – 2020-2030…………………………… 601

84.2     Rest of Latin America Market Dynamics – 2020-2030 601

84.3     Rest of Latin America Market Share – 2020-2030….. 601

APPENDICES…………………………………………………………….. 602

85      Appendix A: Glossary………………………………………….. 602

86      Appendix B: Abbreviations…………………………………… 627

87      Research Methodology………………………………………… 632

87.1     Report Structure…………………………………………….. 632

87.2     Methodology………………………………………………….. 632

87.3     For Whom is this Report?…………………………………. 633

88      Disclaimer and Copyright……………………………………… 634

 

Table 1 – Electricity Production by Country – 2020……………………….. 57

Table 2 – Energy & Electricity and Per Capita Consumption by Country / Region……………………………………………………………… 58

Table 3 – Renewable vs. Fossil Fuels Heating Efficiency Cost [$ Cent / KWh] – 2020 & 2030 F…………………………………………. 66

Table 4 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market by Technology [$B] – 2022-2030………………………………… 71

Table 5 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market by Sector [$B] – 2022-2030………………………………………………… 73

Table 6 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market by Revenue [$B] – 2020-2030………………………………………………… 74

Table 7 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market by Region [$B] – 2022-2030………………………………………………… 74

Table 8 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market by Country [$B] – 2020-2030………………………………………………… 76

Table 9 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Technology Products & Services [$B] Markets – 2022-2030…………. 99

Table 10 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Markets Annual Growth Rates [%] – 2022-2030…………………………….. 100

Table 11 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Products & Services Markets Shares [%] – 2022-2030……………… 102

Table 12 – Latin America Air Sourced Heat Pumps Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 113

Table 13 – Latin America Air Sourced Heat Pumps Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………. 113

Table 14 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Air Sourced Heat Pumps Market Share [%] – 2022-2030… 113

Table 15 – Latin America Big Data & AI Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030                                                                                  118

Table 16 – Latin America Big Data & AI Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030………………………………………………………………. 119

Table 17 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Big Data & AI Market Share [%] – 2022-2030………………………….. 119

Table 18 – Energy Production from Solid Biofuels and Renewable Waste (MW) by Ten Leading Countries………………….. 122

Table 19 – Latin America Bioenergy Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030… 135

Table 20 – Latin America Bioenergy Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030                                                                                  135

Table 21 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Bioenergy Market Share [%] – 2022-2030……………………………… 135

Table 22 – Latin America Biological Carbon Capture & Sequestration Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030………………………………. 140

Table 23 – Latin America Biological Carbon Capture & Sequestration Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030………………………… 141

Table 24 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Biological Carbon Capture & Sequestration Market Share [%] – 2022-2030………………………………………………………………. 141

Table 25 – Latin America Bioremediation Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030                                                                                  151

Table 26 – Latin America Bioremediation Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030………………………………………………………………. 151

Table 27 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Bioremediation Market Share [%] – 2022-2030…………. 151

Table 28 – Latin America Carbon Capture & Storage Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 157

Table 29 – Latin America Carbon Capture & Storage Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030………………………………………………… 157

Table 30 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Carbon Capture & Storage Market Share [%] – 2022-2030……. 158

Table 31 – Latin America Carbon Capture & Utilization Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………… 166

Table 32 – Latin America Carbon Capture & Utilization Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030………………………………….. 166

Table 33 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Carbon Capture & Utilization Market Share [%] – 2022-2030….. 166

Table 34 – Latin America Climate Adapted Agriculture Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………… 174

Table 35 – Latin America Climate Adapted Agriculture Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030………………………………………………… 174

Table 36 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Climate Adapted Agriculture Market Share [%] – 2022-2030…… 174

Table 37 – Latin America Climate Adapted Water Infrastructure Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030………………………………………… 192

Table 38 – Latin America Climate Adapted Water Infrastructure Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030………………………………….. 192

Table 39 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Climate Adapted Water Infrastructure Market Share [%] – 2022-2030………………………………………………………………. 193

Table 40 – Latin America Compressed-Air Storage Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 198

Table 41 – Latin America Compressed-Air Storage Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………. 199

Table 42 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Compressed-Air Storage Market Share [%] – 2022-2030                                                                                  199

Table 43 – Latin America Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………….. 204

Table 44 – Latin America Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030………………………………….. 205

Table 45 – Latin America Warming Mitigation Market, Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) Market Share [%] – 2022-2030……. 205

Table 46 – Latin America Cybersecurity Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030                                                                                  210

Table 47 – Latin America Cybersecurity Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030………………………………………………………………. 210

Table 48 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Cybersecurity Market Share [%] – 2022-2030…………… 210

Table 49 – Latin America Desalination Plants Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030………………………………………………………………. 221

Table 50 – Latin America Desalination Plants Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 222

Table 51 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Desalination Plants Market Share [%] – 2022-2030…… 222

Table 52 – Cost (Euro/MWh) of Domestic Heating in France………… 226

Table 53 – Cost (Euro/MW) of District Heating in France……………… 227

Table 54 – Latin America Direct Geothermal Heating & Cooling Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030………………………………………… 227

Table 55 – Latin America Direct Geothermal Heating & Cooling Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030………………………………….. 228

Table 56 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Direct Geothermal Heating & Cooling Market Share [%] – 2022-2030………………………………………………………………. 228

Table 57 – Latin America Direct Solar Water Heating Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 233

Table 58 – Latin America Direct Solar Water Heating Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030………………………………………………… 234

Table 59 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Direct Solar Water Heating Market Share [%] – 2022-2030….. 234

Table 60 – Latin America Electric Buses Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030                                                                                  240

Table 61 – Latin America Electric Buses Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030………………………………………………………………. 240

Table 62 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Electric Buses Market Share [%] – 2022-2030…………………….. 240

Table 63 – Latin America Energy-Efficient Air Conditioning & Refrigeration (ACR) Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……. 247

Table 64 – Latin America Energy-Efficient Air Conditioning & Refrigeration (ACR) Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030 247

Table 65 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Energy-Efficient Air Conditioning & Refrigeration (ACR) Market Share [%] – 2022-2030……………………………………….. 248

Table 66 – Latin America Energy-Efficient Electric Appliances (w/o ACR) Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030………………………. 253

Table 67 – Latin America Energy-Efficient Electric Appliances (w/o ACR) Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030………………… 254

Table 68 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Energy-Efficient Electric Appliances (w/o ACR) Market Share [%] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 254

Table 69 – Latin America EV Charging Systems Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 263

Table 70 – Latin America EV Charging Systems Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 264

Table 71 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, EV Charging Systems Market Share [%] – 2022-2030…….. 264

Table 72 – Latin America Extreme Weather Public Warning Systems Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030………………………………. 273

Table 73 – Latin America Extreme Weather Public Warning Systems Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030………………………… 274

Table 74 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Extreme Weather Public Warning Systems Market Share [%] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 274

Table 75 – Latin America Floods Control Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030                                                                                  280

Table 76 – Latin America Floods Control Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030………………………………………………………………. 281

Table 77 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Floods Control Market Share [%] – 2022-2030…………………… 281

Table 78 – Latin America Freight BEVs Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030                                                                                  284

Table 79 – Latin America Freight BEVs Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030………………………………………………………………. 285

Table 80 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Freight BEVs Market Share [%] – 2022-2030……………………… 285

Table 81 – Latin America GHG Emission Tracking Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 292

Table 82 – Latin America GHG Emission Tracking Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………… 293

Table 83 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, GHG Emission Tracking Market Share [%] – 2022-2030…….. 293

Table 84 – Latin America Geothermal Power Generation Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………….. 301

Table 85 – Latin America Geothermal Power Generation Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030………………………………….. 301

Table 86 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Geothermal Power Generation Market Share [%] – 2022-2030………………………………………………………………. 302

Table 87 – Latin America Green Cement Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030                                                                                  309

Table 88 – Latin America Green Cement Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030………………………………………………………………. 309

Table 89 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Green Cement Market Share [%] – 2022-2030………………….. 310

Table 90 – Color Codes by Hydrogen Manufacturing Process……….. 313

Table 91 – Comparative Table for Fossil Derived Hydrogen Production Pathways………………………………………………………… 315

Table 92 – Latin America Green Hydrogen Production Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………… 319

Table 93 – Latin America Green Hydrogen Production Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030………………………………………………… 319

Table 94 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Green Hydrogen Production Market Share [%] – 2022-2030…. 319

Table 95 – Latin America Green Steel Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030 323

Table 96 – Latin America Green Steel Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030………………………………………………………………. 324

Table 97 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Green Steel Market Share [%] – 2022-2030……………………… 324

Table 98 – Latin America Grid Modernization Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030………………………………………………………………. 332

Table 99 – Latin America Grid Modernization Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 333

Table 100 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Grid Modernization Market Share [%] – 2022-2030………….. 333

Table 101 – Latin America Grid-Scale Battery Storage Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………… 340

Table 102 – Latin America Grid-Scale Battery Storage Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030………………………………………………… 341

Table 103 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Grid-Scale Battery Storage Market Share [%] – 2022-2030… 341

Table 104 – Latin America Hydroelectric Energy Storage Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………….. 347

Table 105 – Latin America Hydroelectric Energy Storage Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030………………………………….. 348

Table 106 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Hydroelectric Energy Storage Market Share [%] – 2022-2030………………………………………………………………. 348

Table 107 – Latin America Hydroelectric Power Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 354

Table 108 – Latin America Hydroelectric Power Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 354

Table 109 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Hydroelectric Power Market Share [%] – 2022-2030….. 355

Table 110 – Latin America Hydrogen Vehicles Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030………………………………………………………………. 364

Table 111 – Latin America Hydrogen Vehicles Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 365

Table 112 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Hydrogen Vehicles Market Share [%] – 2022-2030…………………. 365

Table 113 – Electrolyzer Technologies Comparison……………………. 366

Table 114 – Hydrogen Color Codes of Hydrogen Manufacturing……. 369

Table 115 – Types of Electrolysers………………………………………….. 370

Table 116 – Latin America Hydrogen Electrolyzers Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 371

Table 117 – Latin America Hydrogen Electrolyzers Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………. 371

Table 118 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Hydrogen Electrolyzers Market Share [%] – 2022-2030……………. 372

Table 119 – Latin America Hydrogen Fueling Infrastructure Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………….. 377

Table 120 – Latin America Hydrogen Fueling Infrastructure Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030………………………………….. 377

Table 121 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Hydrogen Fueling Infrastructure Market Share [%] – 2022-2030… 378

Table 122 – Latin America ICT (w/o Cyber, AI, Big Data) Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………….. 381

Table 123 – Latin America ICT (w/o Cyber, AI, Big Data) Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030………………………………….. 382

Table 124 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, ICT (w/o Cyber, AI, Big Data) Market Share [%] – 2022-2030….. 382

Table 125 – Cost Assumptions Under 2 Innovation Scenarios……….. 384

Table 126 – Latin America Low Carbon Fuels Manufacturing Plants Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030………………………………. 389

Table 127 – Latin America Low Carbon Fuels Manufacturing Plants Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030………………………… 390

Table 128 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Low Carbon Fuels Manufacturing Plants Market Share [%] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 390

Table 129 – Latin America Marine Power Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030                                                                                  396

Table 130 – Latin America Marine Power Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030………………………………………………………………. 396

Table 131 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Marine Power Market Share [%] – 2022-2030…………………….. 397

Table 132 – Latin America Methane Abatement Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 406

Table 133 – Latin America Methane Abatement Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 407

Table 134 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Methane Abatement Market Share [%] – 2022-2030………………. 407

Table 135 – Latin America Nuclear Energy Plants > 1 GW Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………….. 411

Table 136 – Latin America Nuclear Energy Plants > 1 GW Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030………………………………….. 411

Table 137 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Nuclear Energy Plants > 1 GW Market Share [%] – 2022-2030.. 412

Table 138 – Latin America Offshore Wind Power Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 421

Table 139 – Latin America Offshore Wind Power Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 422

Table 140 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Offshore Wind Power Market Share [%] – 2022-2030…………….. 422

Table 141 – Latin America Onshore Wind Power Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 427

Table 142 – Latin America Onshore Wind Power Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 427

Table 143 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Onshore Wind Power Market Share [%] – 2022-2030…………….. 428

Table 144 – Latin America Other BEVs Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030                                                                                  437

Table 145 – Latin America Other BEVs Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030………………………………………………………………. 438

Table 146 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Other BEVs Market Share [%] – 2022-2030……………………… 438

Table 147 – Latin America Other Energy Storage Modalities Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030………………………………………… 439

Table 148 – Latin America Other Energy Storage Modalities Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030………………………………….. 439

Table 149 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Other Energy Storage Modalities Market Share [%] – 2022-2030                                                                                  440

Table 150 –Other Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Markets Size [$B] – 2022-2030………………………………………… 441

Table 151 – Latin America Other Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Markets Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030.. 442

Table 152 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Other Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Markets Market Share [%] – 2022-2030……………………………………….. 442

Table 153 – Latin America Other Renewable Energy Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 443

Table 154 – Latin America Other Renewable Energy Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030………………………………………………… 443

Table 155 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Other Renewable Energy Market Share [%] – 2022-2030……. 444

Table 156 – Latin America Passenger BEV Cars Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 456

Table 157 – Latin America Passenger BEV Cars Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 457

Table 158 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Passenger BEV Cars Market Share [%] – 2022-2030… 457

Table 159 – Latin America Passive Green Buildings Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 463

Table 160 – Latin America Passive Green Buildings Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030………………………………………………… 463

Table 161 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Passive Green Buildings Market Share [%] – 2022-2030……….. 463

Table 162 – Latin America Precision Agriculture Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 471

Table 163 – Latin America Precision Agriculture Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 471

Table 164 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Precision Agriculture Market Share [%] – 2022-2030………………. 472

Table 165 – Latin America Precision Irrigation Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030………………………………………………………………. 476

Table 166 – Latin America Precision Irrigation Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 477

Table 167 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Precision Irrigation Market Share [%] – 2022-2030…………………. 477

Table 168 – Latin America Reforestation Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030                                                                                  488

Table 169 – Latin America Reforestation Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030………………………………………………………………. 489

Table 170 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Reforestation Market Share [%] – 2022-2030…………… 489

Table 171 – Latin America Regenerative Agriculture Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 493

Table 172 – Latin America Regenerative Agriculture Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030………………………………………………… 494

Table 173 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Regenerative Agriculture Market Share [%] – 2022-2030                                                                                  494

Table 174 – Latin America Rooftop Solar PV Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030………………………………………………………………. 497

Table 175 – Latin America Rooftop Solar PV Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 498

Table 176 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Rooftop Solar PV Market Share [%] – 2022-2030…………………. 498

Table 177 – Latin America Small Nuclear Reactors Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 502

Table 178 – Latin America Small Nuclear Reactors Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………. 502

Table 179 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Small Nuclear Reactors Market Share [%] – 2022-2030……… 503

Table 180 – Latin America Solar PV (Utility Scale) Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 510

Table 181 – Latin America Solar PV (Utility Scale) Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………… 511

Table 182 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Solar PV (Utility Scale) Market Share [%] – 2022-2030…………… 511

Table 183 – Latin America Thermal Energy Storage Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 517

Table 184 – Latin America Thermal Energy Storage Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030………………………………………………… 517

Table 185 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Thermal Energy Storage Market Share [%] – 2022-2030………… 518

Table 186 – Latin America Two & Three-Wheeler BEVs Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………….. 520

Table 187 – Latin America Two & Three-Wheeler BEVs Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030………………………………….. 521

Table 188 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Two & Three-Wheeler BEVs Market Share [%] – 2022-2030… 521

Table 189 – Latin America Waste to Energy Plants Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 525

Table 190 – Latin America Waste to Energy Plants Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………. 525

Table 191 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Waste to Energy Plants Market Share [%] – 2022-2030………….. 526

Table 192 – Latin America Water Redeemable Systems Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………….. 533

Table 193 – Latin America Water Redeemable Systems Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030………………………………….. 533

Table 194 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Water Redeemable Systems Market Share [%] – 2022-2030.. 534

Table 195 – Latin America Weather Monitoring, Modeling & Forecasting Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030………………………………. 538

Table 196 – Latin America Weather Monitoring, Modeling & Forecasting Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030………………………… 539

Table 197 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Weather Monitoring, Modeling & Forecasting Market Share [%] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 539

Table 198 – Latin America Wildfire Mitigation Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030………………………………………………………………. 543

Table 199 – Latin America Wildfire Mitigation Market Dynamics [%] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 543

Table 200 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market, Wildfire Mitigation Market Share [%] – 2022-2030………………… 543

Table 201 – Climate Change Mitigation & Adaptation Market by Sector [$B] – 2022-2030………………………………………………. 546

Table 202 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market Size [$M] by Revenue Source – 2020-2030………………………….. 550

Table 203 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market AGRs [%] by Revenue Source – 2020-2030………………………….. 551

Table 204 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Technologies Market Size [$B] By Country – 2020-2030………………. 557

Table 205 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market AGRs [%] By Country – 2020-2030……………………………………… 558

Table 206 – National Market Shares of the Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market [%] – 2020-2030…………….. 560

Table 207 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Infrastructure Markets Size [$B] By Country – 2020-2030…………….. 563

Table 208 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Products Sales [$B] By Country – 2020-2030……………………………….. 565

Table 209 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Maintenance Markets Size [$B] By Country – 2020-2030…………….. 566

Table 210 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Upgrades Markets Size [$B] By Country – 2020-2030………………………… 568

Table 211 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Other* Revenue Sources [$B] By Country – 2020-2030…………………… 570

Figure 1 – COP26 Pledges & Targets Based GHG Emission [GTn] Forecast to 2030………………………………………………… 54

Figure 2 – Latin America Warming 2010-2020 by GHG Source……….. 55

Figure 3 – Renewable Energy Generation By Technology & By User.. 57

Figure 4 – Greenhouse Gas Emissions [%] by Sector……………………. 58

Figure 5 – Climate Change Causes and Effects…………………………… 59

Figure 6- Latin America Energy demand (left) & GHS Emission (Right) By Sector – 2020………………………………………………… 60

Figure 7 – GHG Emission per GWh of Energy Production – 2020…….. 61

Figure 8 – Average USA Levelized cost [$/MWh] of Electricity By Energy Technology – 2020……………………………………. 61

Figure 9 – Renewable Electricity Generation by Technology and Region                                                                                    62

Figure 10 – Latin America Electricity Consumption by Energy Source – 1985-2020…………………………………………………………. 62

Figure 11 – Levelized Cost [$/MWh] of Energy, by Source – 2008-2020                                                                                    62

Figure 12 – Renewable, Nuclear & Fossil Energy Prices [$/MWh] & Installed Capacity – 2010-2019……………………………… 63

Figure 13 – Latin America Warming vs. Number of Climate-Related Disasters – 1970-2032………………………………………….. 65

Figure 14 – Energy Storage: Duration Time and Rated Power by Modality……………………………………………………………. 65

Figure 15 – Renewable Generation Capacity By Region………………… 66

Figure 16 – Leading Renewable Energy Capacity [GW] by Country – 2020………………………………………………………………… 66

Figure 17 – Negative Emissions Role in Achieving NetZero……………. 67

Figure 18 – Latin America GHG Emission Reduction [%] by Technology – 2030………………………………………………………………. 72

Figure 19 – Latin America Electricity Generation [000 TWh] by Source – 2010- 2040………………………………………………………… 73

Figure 20 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market by Region [$B] – 2022-2030………………………………………………… 82

Figure 21 – Air Source Heat Pump: Winter & Summer Operation…… 111

Figure 22 – Air Source Heat Pump, Heating Cycle……………………… 112

Figure 23 – Air to Air Heat Pump…………………………………………….. 113

Figure 24 – Air to Water Heat Pump………………………………………… 114

Figure 25 – Performance Standards For residential AC and Heat Pumps                                                                                  119

Figure 26 – Latin America Air Sourced Heat Pumps Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 120

Figure 27 – Tackling Climate Change with Machine Learning………… 121

Figure 28 – Types of Big Data Analytics…………………………………… 122

Figure 29 – Data Mining Process…………………………………………….. 123

Figure 30 – Latin America Big Data & AI Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030                                                                                  125

Figure 31 – Latin America LCOEs From Newly Commissioned, Utility-Scale Renewable Power Generation Technologies, 2010-2020………………………………………………………………. 128

Figure 32 – Bioenergy Thermo-Chemical Process………………………. 132

Figure 33 – Bioenergy Bio-Chemical Process…………………………….. 133

Figure 34 – Latin America Bioenergy Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030.. 142

Figure 35 – Bioenergy with Carbon Capture & Sequestration………… 143

Figure 36 – Microalgae Based Biological Carbon Capture……………. 143

Figure 37- Marine Bacteria Carbon Sequestration……………………… 144

Figure 38 – Microalgae Carbon Biological Capture & Utilization Footprint                                                                                  145

Figure 39 – Latin America Biological Carbon Capture & Sequestration Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030………………………………. 148

Figure 40 – Bioremediation Strategies……………………………………… 149

Figure 41 – Operation of Bio Slurping………………………………………. 150

Figure 42 – Permeable Reactive Barriers………………………………….. 151

Figure 43 – Bioventing System……………………………………………….. 151

Figure 44 – Typical Biosparging System…………………………………… 152

Figure 45 – Latin America Bioremediation Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030                                                                                  158

Figure 46 – The CCS Process………………………………………………… 159

Figure 47 – Carbon Capture and Storage Value Chain………………… 159

Figure 48 – Latin America Carbon Capture & Storage Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 164

Figure 49 – CCU Applications Roadmap…………………………………… 166

Figure 50 – Carbon Capture & Utilization and Removal Cycle………. 167

Figure 51 – Carbon Capture & Utilization Removal Pathways……….. 167

Figure 52 – CCU Potential and Cost Of Various Sub-Pathways Outlook – 2050………………………………………………………………. 169

Figure 53 – Latin America Carbon Capture & Utilization Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………….. 173

Figure 54 – Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Agriculture ……………. 174

Figure 55 – Agriculture GHG Emissions……………………………………. 175

Figure 56 – The EU 2030 Targets for Substantial Food Production…. 176

Figure 57 – The Main Greenhouse Gas Emission Sources, Removals and Processes In Managed Ecosystems………………… 177

Figure 58 – Latin America Climate Adapted Agriculture Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………… 181

Figure 59 – Latin America Water Stress Map…………………………….. 183

Figure 60 – Latin America Water Extraction and Consumption by End User– 1900-2025………………………………………………. 185

Figure 61 – Water Supply Adaptation Strategy…………………………… 186

Figure 62 – Potential Drought Adaptation Measures……………………. 188

Figure 63 –Latin America Urban Population Facing Water Scarcity 2019-2050……………………………………………………….. 189

Figure 64 – Climate Change Impact on Water Supply………………….. 190

Figure 65 – Adapting Water Management to Climate Change……….. 191

Figure 66 – Metrices for Decision Making  ………………………………… 192

Figure 67 – Latin America Climate Adapted Water Infrastructure Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030………………………………………… 199

Figure 68 – System Power Rating and Discharge Times of Energy Storage Technologies………………………………………… 202

Figure 69 – Compressed-Air Energy Storage System………………….. 203

Figure 70 – A Small Scale Compressed Air Storage System…………. 203

Figure 71 – Latin America Compressed-Air Storage Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 205

Figure 72 – Latin America Average Levelized Cost of Energy Generation [$/MWh] Concentrating Solar Power vs. Other Electric Power Sources – Q-4 2021………………………………….. 207

Figure 73 – Concentrating Solar Power System Layout and Costs…. 208

Figure 74 – Latin America LCOEs From Newly Commissioned, Utility-Scale Renewable Power Generation Technologies, 2010-2020………………………………………………………………. 209

Figure 75 – Latin America Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030………………………………………… 211

Figure 76 – Electricity Distribution Infrastructure…………………………. 213

Figure 77 – Power Grids Cybersecurity Infrastructure………………….. 214

Figure 78 – Latin America Cybersecurity Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030                                                                                  217

Figure 79 – Desalination Capacity By [%] by Region – 2020………….. 219

Figure 80 – Reverse Osmosis Process…………………………………….. 220

Figure 81 – Reverse Osmosis Desalination Process……………………. 221

Figure 82 – Latin America Desalination Plants Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030………………………………………………………………. 228

Figure 83 – Applications of Direct Utilization of Geothermal Energy… 231

Figure 84 – Closed (Left) & Open (Right) loop Geothermal Heat Pumps                                                                                  232

Figure 85 – EU Areas Suitable for Geothermal Networks & Actual Geothermal Installed Capacity……………………………… 233

Figure 86 – Latin America Direct Geothermal Heating & Cooling Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030………………………………………… 234

Figure 87 – Residential Direct Solar Water Heating System………….. 236

Figure 88 – Total Installed Solar Heating Area by Region – 2020……. 237

Figure 89 – Direct Solar Water Heating System Elements…………….. 237

Figure 90 – Direct Solar Heating Capacity [KW/1000 citizens] in 10 Leading Countries – 2020……………………………………. 238

Figure 91 – Latin America Solar Thermal Capacity [TWh] and Energy [TWh] – 2000-2022……………………………………………. 239

Figure 92 – Distribution of Solar Thermal Systems for Newly Installed Water Collector by Region – 2020…………………………. 240

Figure 93 – Latin America Direct Solar Water Heating Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 240

Figure 94 – E-Bus Charging Technologies………………………………… 242

Figure 95 – Enabling E-Bus Adoption Factors……………………………. 245

Figure 96 – Latin America Electric Buses Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030                                                                                  247

Figure 97 – Performance Standards For residential AC and Heat Pumps                                                                                  250

Figure 98 – Thermoelectric Effect……………………………………………. 251

Figure 99 – Magtor Linear Motor Oscillator Drive………………………… 253

Figure 100 – Latin America Energy-Efficient Air Conditioning & Refrigeration (ACR) Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……. 254

Figure 101 – Energy Consumption By End-Use (Excludes Transport, Energy Losses in Production or Transmission And Non-Motive Power Industrial Energy Uses)……………………. 258

Figure 102 – Latin America Energy-Efficient Electric Appliances (w/o ACR) Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030………………………. 260

Figure 103 – Electric Passengers vs. Plug in Chargers………………… 263

Figure 104 – Charging Times to Provide 100 km of Passenger EV Vehicle Driving…………………………………………………. 264

Figure 105 – US Passengers EV Charging Infrastructure – 2015-2040                                                                                  265

Figure 106 – Latin America EV Charging Systems Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 270

Figure 107 – Sweden Public Alarm Infrastructure Evolution………….. 272

Figure 108 – The UN Risk Based Public Warning Evolution -1960-2020                                                                                  273

Figure 109 – Public Warning System Architecture………………………. 274

Figure 110 – The Israeli Public (Location Based) Alarm System Poster                                                                                  275

Figure 111 – Mobile Alarm System………………………………………….. 277

Figure 112 – Cell Broadcast…………………………………………………… 278

Figure 113 – Geo Fenced Alarm System………………………………….. 279

Figure 114 – Fixed WIFI Alarm System…………………………………….. 280

Figure 115 – Latin America Extreme Weather Public Warning Systems Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030………………………………. 280

Figure 116 – An Integrated Flood Protection……………………………… 282

Figure 117 – Storm Surge Flooding…………………………………………. 283

Figure 118 – Provisional Flood Barriers……………………………………. 284

Figure 119 – Tidal Flood Barrier……………………………………………… 285

Figure 120 – Latin America Floods Control Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030………………………………………………………………. 287

Figure 121 – Latin America Freight BEVs Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030                                                                                  291

Figure 122 – Greenhouse Gas Emissions [%] By Sector……………… 293

Figure 123 – GHG Emission Tracking Technologies……………………. 294

Figure 124 – CO2 Emissions [GTn] by Geography – 1960-2020…….. 296

Figure 125 – MethaneSAT Performance………………………………….. 298

Figure 126 – Methane Surveillance Technologies. Frequency-Range vs. Resolution……………………………………………………….. 298

Figure 127 – Latin America GHG Emission Tracking Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 299

Figure 128 – Latin America Average Levelized Cost of Energy Generation [$/MWh] Geothermal vs. Other Electric Power Sources – Q-4 2021……………………………………………. 301

Figure 129 – Geothermal Electricity Generation Technologies……. 302

Figure 130 – Latin America LCOEs From Newly Commissioned, Utility-Scale Renewable Power Generation Technologies, 2010-2020………………………………………………………………. 302

Figure 131 – Enhanced Geothermal Systems……………………………. 303

Figure 132 – Geothermal Power Generation……………………………… 304

Figure 133 – Map of 64 EGS Projects Around the World – 2020…….. 306

Figure 134 – Latin America Geothermal Power Generation Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………….. 308

Figure 135 – Cement Manufacturing Energy Use and GHG Emissions                                                                                  310

Figure 136 – Cement Production Outlook by Region – 2020-2050….. 311

Figure 137 – Decarbonization Actions to Net-Zero Cement & Concrete Industry…………………………………………………………… 312

Figure 138 – Cement Demand Forecast per Region – 2020-2060…… 313

Figure 139 – Low Carbon Levels Across the Lifecycle of Cement…… 315

Figure 140 – Latin America Green Cement Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030………………………………………………………………. 316

Figure 141 – Hydrogen Consumption [M. Ton/Annum] by Country – 2020                                                                                  318

Figure 142 – Green Hydrogen Value Chain………………………………. 319

Figure 143 – Future “Hydrogen Economy” Infrastructure………………. 324

Figure 144 – Latin America Green Hydrogen Production Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………….. 326

Figure 145 – Green Steel Production Using CCS & CCU……………… 327

Figure 146 – Crude Steel Production Market Share [%] by country 2020                                                                                  327

Figure 147 – Green Steel Manufacturing Process……………………….. 328

Figure 148 – Means and Methods to Reduce Carbon in the Steel Industry…………………………………………………………… 329

Figure 149 – Latin America Green Steel Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030                                                                                  330

Figure 150 – Diagram of a Conventional Electric Power System…….. 332

Figure 151 – Modern Grid Architecture ……………………………………. 333

Figure 152 – Climate Change Effects on the Electricity Grid………….. 334

Figure 153 – Smart Grid Architecture……………………………………….. 335

Figure 154 -Smart Grid Priorities……………………………………………. 338

Figure 155 – Latin America Grid Modernization Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030………………………………………………………………. 339

Figure 156 – System Power Rating and Discharge Times of Energy Storage Technologies………………………………………… 341

Figure 157 – Grid Battery Storage Infrastructure………………………… 342

Figure 158 – Next Generation Battery Storage Goals………………….. 343

Figure 159 – Grid-Scale Battery Storage System……………………….. 343

Figure 160 – Latin America Grid-Scale Battery Storage Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………… 348

Figure 161 – Pumped Storage Hydropower Site…………………………. 349

Figure 162 – Pumped Hydro Energy Storage, Power Rating and Discharge Times Vs. Other Energy Storage Technologies                                                                                  350

Figure 163 – Pumped Hydro Energy Storage System Layout………… 351

Figure 164 – Latin America Hydroelectric Energy Storage Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………….. 354

Figure 165 – Hydropower Installed Capacity by Country………………. 356

Figure 166 – Latin America Average Levelized Cost of Energy Generation [$/MWh] Hydropower vs. Other Electric Power Sources – Q-4 2021……………………………………………. 357

Figure 167 – Latin America LCOEs From Newly Commissioned, Utility-Scale Renewable Power Generation Technologies, 2010-2020………………………………………………………………. 357

Figure 168 – Hydropower Generation [TW h] by Region -1965-2020. 358

Figure 169- A Hydropower Plant…………………………………………….. 360

Figure 170 – Latin America Hydroelectric Power Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 361

Figure 171 – Fuel Cell Passenger Vehicle Elements……………………. 363

Figure 172 – Hydrogen Pickup Truck……………………………………….. 363

Figure 173 – Hydrogen Truck Layout……………………………………….. 364

Figure 174 – Toyota Hydrogen Truck……………………………………….. 364

Figure 175 – EV Truck vs. Hydrogen Long Haul Truck Performance Outlook 2025 & 2030…………………………………………. 365

Figure 176 – Yamaha Motor Hydrogen Engine Prototype – 2021……. 366

Figure 177 – Yamaha Hydrogen Engine…………………………………… 367

Figure 178 – Total Cost of Ownership of SUVs in the US, 2030…….. 369

Figure 179 – Latin America Hydrogen Vehicles Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030………………………………………………………………. 371

Figure 180 – Hydrogen Electrolyzer Electro-Chemistry………………… 374

Figure 181 – Description of Several Electrolysers Source: K. Malladi Et.Al…………………………………………………….. 374

Figure 182 – Electrolyzer Manufacturing [GW] Capacity 2021-2024… 376

Figure 183 – Future Hydrogen Economy Infrastructure………………… 377

Figure 184 – Latin America Hydrogen Electrolyzers Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 378

Figure 185 – Honda Home Filling Station………………………………….. 380

Figure 186 -Transport Fuel Hydrogen Production Routes…………….. 381

Figure 187 – Hydrogen Fueling System Architecture…………………… 382

Figure 188 – Hydrogen Fueling Station…………………………………….. 382

Figure 189 – Hydrogen Fueling HySTAT…………………………………… 383

Figure 190 – Latin America Hydrogen Fueling Infrastructure Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………….. 384

Figure 191 – Latin America ICT (w/o Cyber, AI, Big Data) Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………….. 388

Figure 192 – Distribution of Synthetic Fuels and Advanced Biofuels Costs……………………………………………………………… 390

Figure 193 – Impact of Innovation on the Energy System……………… 393

Figure 194 – Simplified Value Chain for Low Carbon Fuels…………… 394

Figure 195 – GVA and Jobs in the Low Carbon Fuels Industry to 2050                                                                                  395

Figure 196 – Latin America Low Carbon Fuels Manufacturing Plants Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030………………………………. 396

Figure 197 – Latin America LCOEs From Newly Commissioned, Utility-Scale Renewable Power Generation Technologies, 2010-2020………………………………………………………………. 398

Figure 198 – Ocean thermal energy Conversion System (Right) and Oscillating Water Column System (Left)…………………. 399

Figure 199 – Wave Power System………………………………………….. 402

Figure 200 – Latin America Marine Power Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030                                                                                  403

Figure 201 – Ultra Emitting Methane Events 2019-2020………………. 405

Figure 202 – Methane Emission Sources (Left) & 1990-2050 Emissions (Right)…………………………………………………………….. 406

Figure 203 – 2020-2030 Human Caused Methane Emissions and Identified Mitigation Potential by Sectors………………… 407

Figure 204 – Emissions Abatement and Negative Emissions Infrastructure……………………………………………………. 410

Figure 205 – Latin America GHG Abatement Cost Beyond BAU- 2030                                                                                  411

Figure 206 – Latin America Methane Abatement Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 413

Figure 207 – Latin America Average Levelized Cost of Energy Generation [$/MWh] Nuclear Energy Plants vs. Other Electric Power Sources – Q-4 2021……………………….. 415

Figure 208 – Latin America LCOEs From Newly Commissioned, Utility-Scale Renewable Power Generation Technologies, 2010-2020………………………………………………………………. 416

Figure 209 – Latin America Nuclear Energy Plants > 1 GW Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………….. 418

Figure 210 – Latin America Average Levelized Cost of Energy Generation [$/MWh] Offshore Wind vs. Other Electric Power Sources – Q-4 2021………………………………….. 420

Figure 211 – Wind Turbine Power and Size 1985-2030……………….. 421

Figure 212 – Latin America LCOEs from Newly Commissioned, Utility-Scale Renewable Power Generation Technologies, 2010-2020………………………………………………………………. 421

Figure 213 – U.S. DOE Offshore Wind Energy 2030 Goals…………… 424

Figure 214- Latin America Installed Base Power [MW] of Offshore Wind Power to 2020………………………………………………….. 424

Figure 215 – Annual 2001-2021 Additional Offshore Wind Installed Capacity [GW] China vs. the Rest of World……………… 425

Figure 216 – Latin America Offshore Wind Power Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 429

Figure 217 – Onshore Wind Turbines LCOE, Size, Capacity & Impacts – 2030………………………………………………………………. 430

Figure 218 – Latin America Average Levelized Cost of Energy Generation [$/MWh] Onshore Wind Power vs. Other Electric Power Sources – Q-4 2021……………………….. 431

Figure 219 – Latin America LCOEs From Newly Commissioned, Utility-Scale Renewable Power Generation Technologies, 2010-2020………………………………………………………………. 431

Figure 220 – Latin America Onshore Wind Power Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 434

Figure 221 – BNSF Battery-Electric Locomotive…………………………. 436

Figure 222 – Airbus’ E-Fan Electric Plane…………………………………. 439

Figure 223 – A Cut Away View of the HE HMMWV……………………… 440

Figure 224 – A cut-away view of the HEMITT…………………………….. 441

Figure 225 – Latin America Other BEVs Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030                                                                                  444

Figure 226 – Latin America Other Energy Storage Modalities Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030………………………………………… 446

Figure 227 – Other Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Markets Size [$B] – 2022-2030………………………………………… 448

Figure 228 – Latin America Other Renewable Energy Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 450

Figure 229 – Latin America Passenger Cars Sales [Million/ Annum] by Technology – 2018-2035…………………………………….. 452

Figure 230 – 100% Phase Out of ICE Countries…………………………. 454

Figure 231 – EVs vs. Renewables vs. Electrification Timeline – 2020-2050………………………………………………………………. 455

Figure 232 – EPA Rang [Mile] for 2020-Model Battery Passenger EV 457

Figure 233 – US Passengers BEV & Plug-in Sales [Units] – 2015-2025                                                                                  458

Figure 234 – Electric Cars vs. ICE Car Materials by % of the Total Weight …………………………………………………………… 460

Figure 235 – Latin America Passenger BEV Cars Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 463

Figure 236 – Passive House Design………………………………………… 465

Figure 237 – GHG Abatement for The Building Sector…………………. 469

Figure 238 – Latin America Passive Green Buildings Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 470

Figure 239 – Components of a Precision Agriculture System………… 471

Figure 240 – Precision Agriculture Technologies……………………….. 472

Figure 241 – Precision Agriculture Stakeholders………………………… 473

Figure 242 – Latin America Precision Agriculture Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 478

Figure 243 – Precision Irrigation System…………………………………… 480

Figure 244 – Latin America Precision Irrigation Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030………………………………………………………………. 483

Figure 245 – Annual Loss of Forest Cover – 2000-2020………………. 486

Figure 246 – Forest Transition Model………………………………………. 487

Figure 247 – Latin America Reforestation Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030                                                                                  495

Figure 248 – Latin America Regenerative Agriculture Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 500

Figure 249 – Latin America Average Levelized Cost of Energy Generation [$/MWh] Rooftop Solar vs. Other Electric Power Sources – Q-4 2021………………………………….. 502

Figure 250 – Latin America Rooftop Solar PV Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030………………………………………………………………. 505

Figure 251 – Latin America Average Levelized Cost of Energy Generation [$/MWh] Small Nuclear Reactors vs. Other Electric Power Sources – Q-4 2021……………………….. 506

Figure 252 – Latin America LCOEs From Newly Commissioned, Utility-Scale Renewable Power Generation Technologies, 2010-2020………………………………………………………………. 507

Figure 253 – Latin America Small Nuclear Reactors Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 509

Figure 254 – Installed Base of Solar PV by Country…………………….. 511

Figure 255 – Latin America Average Levelized Cost of Energy Generation [$/MWh] Solar PV vs. Other Electric Power Sources – Q-4 2021……………………………………………. 512

Figure 256 – Latin America LCOEs From Newly Commissioned, Utility-Scale Renewable Power Generation Technologies, 2010-2020………………………………………………………………. 513

Figure 257 – Ground Mounted Solar PV System………………………… 514

Figure 258 -The DOE Solar PV Deployment [GW] Outlook 2020-2050                                                                                  515

Figure 259 – Latin America Solar PV (Utility Scale) Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 517

Figure 260 – System Power Rating and Discharge Times Of Energy Storage Technologies………………………………………… 519

Figure 261 – Thermal Energy Storage (TES) System Layout………… 520

Figure 262 – Residential Thermal Energy Storage……………………… 521

Figure 263 – Latin America Thermal Energy Storage Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 524

Figure 264 – Three E-Wheelers……………………………………………… 526

Figure 265 – Latin America Two & Three-Wheeler BEVs Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………….. 527

Figure 266 – Waste Management Process………………………………… 529

Figure 267 – UN Projection of the Latin America Waste [M Ton/Annum] Quantity – 1950-2050…………………………………………. 530

Figure 268 – Latin America Waste to Energy Plants Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………………….. 532

Figure 269 – Recycled Water Infrastructure………………………………. 534

Figure 270 – Overview of Integrated Regional Water Management Planning and Climate Change……………………………… 535

Figure 271 – Sewage Treatment Infrastructure Elements……………… 536

Figure 272 – A Sewage Treatment Plant…………………………………… 538

Figure 273 – Latin America Water Redeemable Systems Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030……………………………………………….. 540

Figure 274 – Latin America Weather Monitoring, Modeling & Forecasting Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030………………. 545

Figure 275 – The U.S. Wildfires Facts……………………………………… 548

Figure 276 – Latin America Wildfire Mitigation Market Size [$B] – 2022-2030………………………………………………………………. 550

Figure 277 – Cumulative 2022-2030 Latin America Climate Change Mitigation & Adaptation Market by Sector [$T]………….. 555

Figure 278 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation & Adaptation Market Share by Sector [%] – 2022-2030……………….. 556

Figure 279 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market Size [$M] by Revenue Source – 2020-2030………………………….. 558

Figure 280 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market Share [%] by Revenue Source – 2020-2030………………………….. 559

Figure 281 – Energy Use Per Person, 2019………………………………. 560

Figure 282 – Consumption-Based Energy Use Per Person: Latin America Map, 2020……………………………………………. 561

Figure 283 – Consumption-Based Energy Use Per Person: Selected Countries………………………………………………………… 562

Figure 284 – Primary Energy Consumption by World Region – 1965-2020………………………………………………………………. 562

Figure 285 – World Energy Trilemma Index: Leading Countries – 2021                                                                                  563

Figure 286 – Latin America Climate Change Mitigation Market Share by Country – 2030…………………………………………………. 569

Figure 287 – Energy Consumption by Source, Argentina……………… 580

Figure 288 – Electricity Generation In Argentina In 2020, By Type Of Fuel* (In Terawatt Hours)……………………………………. 581

Figure 289 – Brazil Power Generation Supply, 2020…………………… 585

Figure 290 – Total Energy Supply (TES) by Source, Chile 1990-2020 589

Figure 291 – Consumption Trends by Energy Source (Mtoe)………… 592

Figure 292 – Total Energy Supply (TES) by Source, Cuba 1990-2020                                                                                  594

Figure 293 – Ecuador Power Generation, 2020………………………….. 596

Figure 294 – Mexico Electricity Generation by Technology (October 2020)……………………………………………………………… 600

Figure 295 – Distribution of Electricity Generation in Peru in 2020, By Source……………………………………………………………. 602

Figure 296 – Venezuela: Installed and Available Generating Capacity and Supply, 2000–2020……………………………………… 606

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